Characterising air-sea exchange in realistic breaking waves

A better understanding of the water-air interface during wave breaking is essential for addressing environmental issues like climate dynamics and CO2 exchange between atmosphere and ocean. Varying conditions such as wind speed alongside wave-breaking processes influence gas exchange rates. Many studies highlight inaccuracies in CO2 exchange estimates, especially the effect of air bubble entrainment during wave breakup. Gaining insight into momentum transfer at the water-air interface will provide more accurate estimates of gas exchange processes to support climate mitigation. This project involves quantitatively characterising fluid kinematics at the air-water interface during realistic wave breakup using advanced laser diagnostic tools such as Particle Image Velocimetry and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence. Experiments will be conducted in state-of-the-art wave flumes at UoM’s Hydrodynamics lab (https://www.scieng.manchester.ac.uk/tomorrowlabs/manchester-hydrodynamic-lab/). You will collaborate with a multidisciplinary team of scientists, engineers, experimentalists and mathematicians locally and internationally. Outcomes will include a fundamental understanding of momentum transfer mechanisms at the breaking wave interface and an improved quantitative model for CO2 gas exchange rates. This research will provide data supporting enhanced climate mitigation strategies. Understanding air-sea exchange processes during breaking waves is critical to improving climate models and environmental predictions. Accurate quantification of CO2 exchange informs climate dynamics which is vital for addressing environmental challenges linked to global warming and ocean-atmosphere interactions.

Applicants should have, or expect to achieve, at least a 2:1 honours degree or a master's (or international equivalent) in a relevant science or engineering discipline. A strong foundation in fluid mechanics is desirable. Knowledge of experimental techniques and/or laser diagnostics is advantageous. Applicants are strongly encouraged to contact the supervisors before applying, including details of their academic background, relevant experience, and motivation for the project.

Apply online at https://uom.link/pgr-apply-2425. Specify the full project name, supervisor name, and funding preference. Upload the following: (1) final transcripts and certificates of all awarded university-level qualifications; (2) interim transcripts of any qualifications in progress; (3) CV; (4) a supporting statement (1–2 pages) outlining motivation for postgraduate research, relevant experience, key findings of previous research, and skills developed — mandatory for all applicants; (5) contact details for two referees (official university or work email addresses required); (6) English Language certificate if applicable. Queries: FSE.doctoralacademy.admissions@manchester.ac.uk. Apply early as the advert may be removed before the deadline.